[author]卢曼,N.

[content]

 In the rhetorical tradition of the late Renaissance, in the Sixteenth Century, the custom spread of attracting attention and shocking through paradoxical assertions.' Not only playful artistry and entertainment were at stake. The aim of shock was to stimulate reflection. The concept of paradox was still meant literally as something that lies beyond the sphere of correct opinion, an offense against the commun parere.2 This vogue for fashioning paradoxes may be associated with the decline of the medieval technique of disputation……

[keywords]moral code; second-order observation; moral esteem or disesteem